Traffic Controllers: Appropriate Use, Risk Justification, and Safe Deployment

Introduction

Traffic Controllers (TCs) are one of the most visible and high-risk elements of any worksite. But under AGTTM, they are not to be used as a first resort – they are the last option when other traffic control methods are not suitable.

This guide outlines when, why, and how to deploy TCs correctly, with references to AGTTM07 and QGTTM Part 7.

The Role of Traffic Controllers

Traffic Controllers manage road user movement using hand-held STOP/SLOW bats or other control signals. They are:

• Human control points, not physical barriers

• Highly exposed and must be risk-justified

• Subject to rigorous training and site planning

Reference: AGTTM07-21, Section 2.4.2

When Should You Use a TC?

Only when ALL of the following apply:

• The risk cannot be controlled by engineering or administrative means

• Portable traffic control devices are not feasible (due to geometry, access, or cost)

• The TC is positioned in safe line of sight and with full visibility

Reference: AGTTM07-21, Section 2.8.3; QGTTM Part 7, Clause 2.2.2

Common TC Misuse

• Using TCs as the default option instead of signals

• Placing TCs in poor visibility areas (e.g. after a crest or curve)

• Expecting TCs to control multi-lane approaches without assistance

These situations put lives at risk and are non-compliant under AGTTM.

Risk Justification Required

TCs must be justified in the TMP with a documented risk assessment that includes:

• Why other methods were not suitable

• What hazards require human judgement

• How the TC will be protected (e.g. buffer, barriers, lookout)

Reference: AGTTM02-21, Section 3.3.5; AGTTM07-21, Clause 2.4.3

Safe Positioning Principles

A TC should always be:

• In a visible, unobstructed location

• Standing clear of moving traffic lanes

• Facing oncoming traffic

• Positioned behind cones, barriers, or delineators if possible

Reference: AGTTM07-21, Section 2.7.3

Supervision and Rest Breaks

• TCs must be relieved regularly to avoid fatigue

• In Queensland, QGTTM Part 7 requires clear supervision of trainees

• Break areas must be safe and allow quick return to post

Reference: QGTTM Part 7, Clause 2.4.7

Communication Requirements

Where TCs are used:

• Radios or clear line-of-sight signals must be provided

• TCs must have a reliable way to stop traffic in both directions if working in tandem

• Two-way confirmation must be standard practice

Reference: AGTTM07-21, Sections 2.6.4 and 2.8.9

Real-World Tip

If you're placing a TC on a 70 km/h road with a blind bend and no escape path — it’s not a safe control. It’s a liability. Look to engineer that risk out first.

Final Word

Traffic Controllers play an important role, but only when the situation truly demands it. Under AGTTM, their use must be risk-driven, documented, and demonstrably safe.

If your planning starts with "we'll put a controller there," it's time to go back and assess again.